Improvement The Quality of Sperm In Mice (Mus Musculus) Exposed To Paraquat dichloride (Herbicide) Using Sunflower Seed Extract (Helianthus annuus L.)

2020-06

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Background : One of the causes of infertility in men is due to exposure to substances that are cytotoxic. One of the cytotoxic substances is herbicide (paraquat dichloride). These herbicides can form Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). ROS contains highly reactive oxygen which turns into free radicals. Sunflower seeds contain vitamin E and selenium and phytochemical content, namely alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, and phenolic which are effective antioxidants as antidotes to free radicals. Objective : This study aims to determine improvement the quality of sperm in mice (Mus musculus) exposed to paraquat dichloride (herbicide) using sunflower seed extract (Helianthus annuus L.). Method : This study is a true experimental study with a posttest only with control group design. Samples of 28 male mice were divided into 4 groups. The K- group was given standard feed for 28 days; the K+ group was given exposure to paraquat dichloride 3 mg / kg; group K1 was given exposure to paraquat dichloride 3mg / kgbw and sunflower seed extract 0.18gr / 20grbw for 28 days; group K2 was given 3mg / kgbw paraquat dichloride exposure and 0.36gr / 20grbw sunflower seed extract for 28 days. Sperm quality was observed with a 400X magnification microscope. Data analysis with the Anova test was continued with the Pos Hoc test. Results : Giving sunflower seed extract can increase and significantly influence the motility of spermatozoa with p value = 0,000, the concentration of spermatozoa with p value = 0,000, and the viability of spermatozoa p value = 0,000 in mice exposed to herbicide (paraquat dichloride). Conclusion : Giving sunflower seed extract can increase and significantly influence the motility, the concentration, and the viability of spermatozoa in mice exposed to herbicide (paraquat dichloride). Keywords: Sunflower seed extract, Sperm quality, The motility of spermatozoa, The concentration of spermatozoa, The viability of spermatozoa and the morphology of spermatozoa.